Xylose

Xylose (cf. Ancient Greek: ξύλον, xylon, "wood") is a sugar first isolated from wood, and named for it. Xylose is classified as a monosaccharide of the aldopentose type, which means that it contains five carbon atoms and includes an aldehyde functional group. It is derived from hemicellulose, one of the main constituents of biomass. Like most sugars, it can adopt several structures depending on conditions. With its free aldehyde group, it is a reducing sugar.

"Wood sugar" redirects here. For the related sugar alcohol, see Xylitol.
d-Xylose
Names
IUPAC name
d-Xylose
Other names
(+)-Xylose
Wood sugar
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.043.072
EC Number
  • 200-400-7
UNII
  • InChI=1S/C5H10O5/c6-2-1-10-5(9)4(8)3(2)7/h2-9H,1H2/t2-,3+,4-,5?/m1/s1 N
    Key: SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N N
  • InChI=1/C5H10O5/c6-2-1-10-5(9)4(8)3(2)7/h2-9H,1H2/t2-,3+,4-,5?/m1/s1
    Key: SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUBL
  • C1[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](C(O1)O)O)O)O
Properties
C
5H
10O
5
Molar mass 150.13 g/mol
Appearance monoclinic needles or prisms, colourless
Density 1.525 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Melting point 144 to 145 °C (291 to 293 °F; 417 to 418 K)
+22.5° (CHCl
3)
-84.80·10−6 cm3/mol
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
1
1
0
Related compounds
Related aldopentoses
 Arabinose
Ribose
Lyxose
Related compounds
 Xylulose
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N verify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references
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