Voiced alveolar fricative
The voiced alveolar fricatives are consonantal sounds. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents these sounds depends on whether a sibilant or non-sibilant fricative is being described.
- The symbol for the alveolar sibilant is ⟨z⟩, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is
z. The IPA letter ⟨z⟩ is not normally used for dental or postalveolar sibilants in narrow transcription unless modified by a diacritic (⟨z̪⟩ and ⟨z̠⟩ respectively). - The IPA symbol for the alveolar non-sibilant fricative is derived by means of diacritics; it can be ⟨ð̠⟩ or ⟨ɹ̝⟩.
| Dental | Denti- alveolar |
Alveolar | Post-alveolar | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Retracted | Retroflex | Palato- alveolar |
Alveolo- palatal | |||||
| Sibilant | plain | z̪ | z̟ | z͇ | z̠ | ʐ | ʒ | ʑ |
| Non-sibilant | ð | ð͇ | ɻ̝ | |||||
| tapped | ɾ̞ | |||||||
| IPA symbol |
meaning | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| place of articulation |
passive (mouth) |
⟨z̪⟩ | dental |
| ⟨z̟⟩ | advanced (denti-alveolar) | ||
| ⟨z͇⟩ | alveolar | ||
| ⟨z̠⟩ | retracted (postalveolar) | ||
| active (tongue) |
⟨z̺⟩ | apical | |
| ⟨z̻⟩ | laminal | ||
| ⟨ʐ⟩ | retroflex | ||
| secondary | ⟨zʲ⟩ | palatalized coronal | |
| ⟨ʑ⟩ | alveolo-palatal | ||
| ⟨ʒ⟩ | palato-alveolar | ||
| ⟨zʷ⟩ | labialized coronal | ||
| ⟨zˠ⟩ | velarized coronal | ||
| ⟨zˤ⟩ | pharyngealized coronal | ||
| voice-onset time | ⟨zʱ⟩ | breathy coronal | |
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