Applicative voice
The applicative voice (/əˈplɪkətɪv/; abbreviated APL or APPL) is a grammatical voice that promotes an oblique argument of a verb to the core object argument. It is generally considered a valency-increasing morpheme. The Applicative is often found in agglutinative languages, such as the Bantu languages and Austronesian languages. Other examples include Nuxalk, Ubykh, and Ainu.
| Transitivity and valency |
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| Transitivity |
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Intransitive verb Transitive verb Ditransitive verb |
| Valence increasing |
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Causative Applicative Benefactive Dative shift |
| Valence decreasing |
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Passive Antipassive Impersonal passive |
| Reflexives and reciprocals |
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Reflexive pronoun Reflexive verb Reciprocal (grammar) Reciprocal pronoun |
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