Vanilla planifolia

Vanilla planifolia is a species of vanilla orchid native to Mexico, Central America, Colombia, and Brazil. It is one of the primary sources for vanilla flavouring, due to its high vanillin content. Common names include flat-leaved vanilla, and West Indian vanilla (also used for the Pompona vanilla, V. pompona). Often, it is simply referred to as "the vanilla". It was first scientifically named in 1808. With the species' population in decline and its habitats being converted to other purposes, the IUCN has assessed Vanilla planifolia as Endangered.

Vanilla planifolia
1887 illustration from
Köhler's Medicinal Plants
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Vanilloideae
Genus: Vanilla
Species:
V. planifolia
Binomial name
Vanilla planifolia
Synonyms
  • Epidendrum rubrum Lam.
  • Myrobroma fragrans Salisb. nom. illeg.
  • Notylia planifolia (Jacks. ex Andrews) Conz.
  • Notylia sativa (Schiede) Conz.
  • Notylia sylvestris (Schiede) Conz. nom. illeg.
  • Vanilla aromatica Willd. nom. illeg.
  • Vanilla bampsiana Geerinck
  • Vanilla duckei Huber
  • Vanilla fragrans Ames nom. illeg.
  • Vanilla rubra (Lam.) Urb.
  • Vanilla sativa Schiede
  • Vanilla sylvestris Schiede
  • Vanilla viridiflora Blume
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