Triangulation (social science)

In the social sciences, triangulation refers to the application and combination of several research methods in the study of the same phenomenon. By combining multiple observers, theories, methods, and empirical materials, researchers hope to overcome the weakness or intrinsic biases and the problems that come from single method, single-observer, and single-theory studies.

This article is about verification of research data. For other uses, see Triangulation (disambiguation).

It is popularly used in sociology. "The concept of triangulation is borrowed from navigational and land surveying techniques that determine a single point in space with the convergence of measurements taken from two other distinct points."

Triangulation can be used in both quantitative and qualitative studies as an alternative to traditional criteria like reliability and validity.

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