Trade unions in Pakistan

Trade unions in Pakistan
National organization(s)	Pakistan Workers Confederation, Pakistan Trade Union Defence Campaign, Pakistan Workers' Federation
Regulatory authority	NIRC - NATIONAL INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS COMMISSION, Ministry of Labour (Pakistan)
Primary legislation	Industrial Relations Act 2012
Total union membership	1.4 million
Percentage of workforce	2.2%
By industry	Agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing: 42%; Mining and quarrying: NA; Manufacturing: 16%; Electricity, gas and water supply: 1%; Construction: 7%; Wholesale and retail trade & Repair of Vehicles and Motorcycles: 15%; Transport, storage and communication: 5%; Financial, insurance, real estate and business service: NA; Community, social and personal services: NA; Activities & other services *: 14%;
Global Rights Index
	4 Systematic violations of rights
International Labour Organization
	Pakistan is a member of the ILO

Trade unions in Pakistan are regulated under provincial industrial relations acts. Under the Constitution of Pakistan, labour is considered a shared responsibility of the federal and provincial governments. The latest Industrial Relation Act was promulgated on 12 March 2012 by President of Pakistan. National Industrial Relations Commission (NIRC) was established under Labour Policy, 1972 as a quasi-judicial authority to promote genuine trade unionism, setting up industry-wise federations of unions and at the national levels. According to NIRC, in 2016 there were 1,390 trade unions with registered 1.4 million members. There are 16 registered federations and the ratio of total union members to total employment is 2.2%.

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