Toluene diisocyanate
Toluene diisocyanate (TDI) is an organic compound with the formula CH3C6H3(NCO)2. Two of the six possible isomers are commercially important: 2,4-TDI (CAS: 584-84-9) and 2,6-TDI (CAS: 91-08-7). 2,4-TDI is produced in the pure state, but TDI is often marketed as 80/20 and 65/35 mixtures of the 2,4 and 2,6 isomers respectively. It is produced on a large scale, accounting for 34.1% of the global isocyanate market in 2000, second only to MDI. Approximately 1.4 billion kilograms were produced in 2000. All isomers of TDI are colorless, although commercial samples can appear yellow.
Names | |
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Preferred IUPAC name
2,4-Diisocyanato-1-methylbenzene | |
Other names
Toluene diisocyanate Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate Methyl phenylene diisocyanate Benzylene 2,4-diisocyanate 2,4-Di(nitrogencarbonyl)toluene | |
Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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744602 | |
ChEBI |
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ChEMBL |
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ChemSpider | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.008.678 |
EC Number |
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PubChem CID |
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RTECS number |
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UNII |
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UN number | 2078 |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Properties | |
C9H6N2O2 | |
Molar mass | 174.2 g/mol |
Appearance | Colorless liquid |
Odor | sharp, pungent |
Density | 1.214 g/cm3, liquid |
Melting point | 21.8 °C (71.2 °F; 294.9 K) |
Boiling point | 251 °C (484 °F; 524 K) |
Reacts | |
Vapor pressure | 0.01 mmHg (25°C) |
Hazards | |
GHS labelling: | |
Danger | |
H315, H317, H318, H319, H330, H334, H335, H351, H412 | |
P201, P202, P260, P261, P264, P271, P272, P273, P280, P281, P284, P285, P302+P352, P304+P340, P304+P341, P305+P351+P338, P308+P313, P310, P312, P320, P321, P332+P313, P333+P313, P337+P313, P342+P311, P362, P363, P403+P233, P405, P501 | |
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
Flash point | 127 °C (261 °F; 400 K) |
Explosive limits | 0.9–9.5% |
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LC50 (median concentration) |
14 ppm (rat, 4 hr) 13.9 ppm (guinea pig, 4 hr) 9.7 ppm (mouse, 4 hr) 11 ppm (rabbit, 4 hr) |
NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |
PEL (Permissible) |
C 0.02 ppm (0.14 mg/m3) |
REL (Recommended) |
Ca |
IDLH (Immediate danger) |
Ca [2.5 ppm] |
Related compounds | |
Related isocyanates |
Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate Naphthalene diisocyanate, 1,3-Diisocyanatobenzene |
Related compounds |
Polyurethane |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references |
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