Tlaxcala
Tlaxcala (UK: /tləˈskɑːlə, tlæˈ-/ tlə-SKAH-lə, tla-, US: /tlɑːˈ-/ tlah-, Spanish: [tla(ɣ)sˈkala] ⓘ; from Nahuatl languages: Tlaxcallān [t͡ɬaʃˈkalːaːn] ⓘ), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Tlaxcala (Spanish: Estado Libre y Soberano de Tlaxcala), is one of the 32 states which comprise the Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided into 60 municipalities and the capital city is Tlaxcala de Xicohténcatl.
Tlaxcala | |
|---|---|
| Free and Sovereign State of Tlaxcala Estado Libre y Soberano de Tlaxcala (Spanish) Tlahtohcayotl Tlaxcallan (Nahuatl) | |
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Coat of arms | |
| Motto: Cuna de la Nación(Cradle of the Nation) | |
| Anthem: Himno a Tlaxcala | |
State of Tlaxcala within Mexico | |
| Coordinates: 19°26′N 98°10′W | |
| Country | Mexico |
| Capital | Tlaxcala de Xicohténcatl |
| Largest City | San Pablo del Monte |
| Municipalities | 60 |
| Admission | December 9, 1856 |
| Order | 22nd |
| Government | |
| • Governor | Lorena Cuéllar (Morena) |
| • Senators | Joel Molina Ramírez Ana Lilia Rivera Rivera Minerva Hernández Ramos |
| • Deputies | |
| Area | |
| • Total | 4,016 km2 (1,551 sq mi) |
| Ranked 31st List of Mexican states by area | |
| Highest elevation | 4,420 m (14,500 ft) |
| Population (2020) | |
| • Total | 1,342,977 |
| • Rank | 28th |
| • Density | 330/km2 (870/sq mi) |
| • Rank | 3rd |
| Demonym | Tlaxcalan |
| GDP | |
| • Total | MXN 158 billion (US$7.8 billion) (2022) |
| • Per capita | (US$5,594) (2022) |
| Time zone | UTC−6 (Central) |
| Postal code | 90 |
| Area code | |
| ISO 3166 code | MX-TLA |
| HDI | 0.770 High Ranked 21nd |
| Website | Official Web Site |
It is located in east-central Mexico, in the altiplano region, with the eastern portion dominated by the Sierra Madre Oriental. It is bordered by the states of Puebla to the north, east and south, México to the west and Hidalgo to the northwest. It is the smallest state of the republic, accounting for only 0.2% of the country's territory.
The state is named after its capital, Tlaxcala, which was also the name of the Pre-Columbian city and culture. The Tlaxcalans allied themselves with the Spanish to defeat the Aztecs, with concessions from the Spanish that allowed the territory to remain mostly intact throughout 300 years of colonial period. After Mexican Independence, Tlaxcala was declared a federal territory, until 1857 when it was admitted as a state of the federation.
Most of the state's economy is based on agriculture, light industry and tourism. The tourist industry is rooted in Tlaxcala's long history with major attractions being archeological sites such as Cacaxtla and colonial constructions in and around Tlaxcala city.