Tetraethyl orthosilicate
Tetraethyl orthosilicate, formally named tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), ethyl silicate is the organic chemical compound with the formula Si(OC2H5)4. TEOS is a colorless liquid. It degrades in water. TEOS is the ethyl ester of orthosilicic acid, Si(OH)4. It is the most prevalent alkoxide of silicon.
Names | |
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IUPAC name
Tetraethyl orthosilicate | |
Other names
tetraethoxysilane; ethyl silicate, tetra-; silicic acid tetraethyl ester; silicon(IV) ethoxide; TEOS; tetraethyl silicate (ortho-) | |
Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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ChemSpider | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.986 |
PubChem CID |
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UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Properties | |
SiC8H20O4 | |
Molar mass | 208.33 g⋅mol−1 |
Appearance | Colourless liquid |
Odor | Sharp, alcohol-like |
Density | 0.933 g/mL at 20 °C |
Melting point | −77 °C (−107 °F; 196 K) |
Boiling point | 168 to 169 °C (334 to 336 °F; 441 to 442 K) |
Reacts with water, soluble in ethanol, and 2-propanol | |
Vapor pressure | 1 mmHg |
Hazards | |
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards |
Flammable, harmful by inhalation |
Flash point | 45 °C (113 °F; 318 K) |
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (median dose) |
6270 mg/kg (rat, oral) |
LCLo (lowest published) |
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NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |
PEL (Permissible) |
TWA 100 ppm (850 mg/m3) |
REL (Recommended) |
TWA 10 ppm (85 mg/m3) |
IDLH (Immediate danger) |
700 ppm |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references |
TEOS is a tetrahedral molecule. Like its many analogues, it is prepared by alcoholysis of silicon tetrachloride:
- SiCl4 + 4 EtOH → Si(OEt)4 + 4 HCl
where Et is the ethyl group, C2H5, and thus EtOH is ethanol.
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