Yogyakarta Sultanate
The Sultanate of Yogyakarta (Javanese: ꦏꦱꦸꦭ꧀ꦠꦤ꧀ꦤꦤ꧀ꦔꦪꦺꦴꦒꦾꦏꦂꦡꦲꦢꦶꦤꦶꦔꦿꦠ꧀, romanized: Kasultanan Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat Javanese pronunciation: [ŋajogjɔkartɔ hadinɪŋrat]; Indonesian: Kesultanan Yogyakarta) is a Javanese monarchy in Yogyakarta Special Region, in the Republic of Indonesia. The current head of the sultanate is Hamengkubuwono X.
Sultanate of Yogyakarta ꦏꦱꦸꦭ꧀ꦠꦤ꧀ꦤꦤ꧀ꦔꦪꦺꦴꦒꦾꦏꦂꦡꦲꦢꦶꦤꦶꦔꦿꦠ꧀ Transliteration of name
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| 1755–present | |||||||||||||
Royal Flag
(Gula Klapa) Royal coat of arms
(Praja Cihna) | |||||||||||||
The realm of Yogyakarta Sultanate (green) in 1830 | |||||||||||||
| Status | Political status:
Others:
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| Capital | Yogyakarta | ||||||||||||
| Official language | Javanese | ||||||||||||
| Recognised language | Dutch (1755–1811; 1816–1942) English (1811–1816) Japanese (1942–1945) Indonesian (1945–present) | ||||||||||||
| Religion |
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| Government | Absolute monarchy (until 1945) Devolved constitutional monarchy within the unitary presidential republic (from 1945) | ||||||||||||
| Sultan | |||||||||||||
• 1755–1792 | ISKS Hamengkubuwana I | ||||||||||||
• 1940–1988 | ISKS Hamengkubuwana IX | ||||||||||||
• 1989– | ISKS Hamengkubuwana X | ||||||||||||
| Pepatih Dalem | |||||||||||||
• 1755–1799 | Danureja I | ||||||||||||
• 1933–1945 | Danureja VIII | ||||||||||||
| Legislature | None | ||||||||||||
| History | |||||||||||||
| 13 February 1755 | |||||||||||||
• Status downgrade | 3 August 1950 | ||||||||||||
Website www | |||||||||||||
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| Today part of | |||||||||||||
| Sultan of Yogyakarta | |
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| Kasultanan Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat ꦏꦱꦸꦭ꧀ꦠꦤ꧀ꦤꦤ꧀ꦔꦪꦺꦴꦒꦾꦏꦂꦡꦲꦢꦶꦤꦶꦔꦿꦠ꧀ | |
Provincial | |
| Incumbent | |
| Hamengkubuwono X since 7 March 1989 | |
| Sultan of Yogyakarta | |
| Details | |
| Heir presumptive | Princess Mangkubumi |
| First monarch | Sultan Hamengkubuwono I |
| Formation | 1755 |
| Residence | The Royal Palace of Yogyakarta |
| Appointer | Hereditary |
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Yogyakarta existed as a state since 1755 on the territory of modern Indonesia in the central part of Java Island. The sultanate became the main theatre of military operations during the Java War of 1825–1830, following which a significant part of its territory was annexed by the Dutch, and the degree of autonomy was significantly curtailed. In 1946–1948, during the war of independence of Indonesia, the capital of the republic was transferred to the territory of the sultanate, in the city of Yogyakarta.
In 1950, Yogyakarta, along with the Principality of Pakualaman became part of Indonesia, with the former royal realms united as a Special Region, with equal status to that of a national province. At the same time, the hereditary titles of Sultan of Yogyakarta and Prince of Pakualaman, with ceremonial privileges carried with the titles, were legally secured for the rulers. On 2012, the Indonesian government formally recognised the reigning sultan of Yogyakarta as the hereditary governor of Special Region of Yogyakarta, with the Pakualam Prince as its hereditary vice governor (article 18, paragraph 1c). The sultanate is claimed to own almost 10% of land in the Special Region of Yogyakarta.