Mindanao

Mindanao (/ˌmɪndəˈnaʊ/ ⓘ MIN-də-NOW) is the second-largest island in the Philippines, after Luzon, and seventh-most populous island in the world. Located in the southern region of the archipelago, the island is part of an island group of the same name that also includes its adjacent islands, notably the Sulu Archipelago. According to the 2020 census, Mindanao has a population of 26,252,442 people, while the entire island group has an estimated population of 27,021,036 according to the 2021 census.

For the river, see Rio Grande de Mindanao. For the 2019 film, see Mindanao (film). For the old sultanate, see Sultanate of Maguindanao.

Mindanao
Native name:
Composite satellite image of Mindanao captured by Sentinel-2 in 2019
Mindanao
Location within the Philippines
Geography
LocationPhilippines
Coordinates8°00′N 125°00′E
ArchipelagoPhilippine
Adjacent to
Major islands
Area97,530 km2 (37,660 sq mi)
Area rank19th
Highest elevation2,954 m (9692 ft)
Highest pointMount Apo
Administration
Regions
Provinces
List
Largest settlementDavao City (pop. 1,776,949)
Demographics
Demonym
  • Mindanaoan
  • Mindanawan
  • Mindanawon
  • Mindanaon
  • Mindanawn
Population27,021,036 (2021) (Mindanao island group)
Pop. density243/km2 (629/sq mi)
Ethnic groups
List

Mindanao is divided into six administrative regions: the Zamboanga Peninsula, Northern Mindanao, the Caraga region, the Davao region, Soccsksargen, and the autonomous region of Bangsamoro. According to the 2020 census, Davao City is the most populous city on the island, with 1,776,949 people, followed by Zamboanga City (pop. 977,234), Cagayan de Oro (pop. 728,402), General Santos (pop. 697,315), Butuan (pop. 372,910), Iligan (pop. 363,115) and Cotabato City (pop. 325,079). About 70% of residents identify as Christian and 24% as Muslim. Mindanao is considered the major breadbasket of the Philippines.

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