Siege of Caffa

The siege of Caffa was a siege of the Genoese port town of Caffa by a large Crimean Tatar army under the Golden Horde, led by their Khan Jani Beg. The Mongol army allegedly threw the bodies of Mongol warriors who had died of plague over the walls of the besieged city, which is considered one of the earliest examples of biological warfare. In Gabriel de Mussis' writings, the Black Death was alleged to have reached Europe from the Crimea as the result of the biological warfare attacks during the siege.