Shanghai Commune of 1927

The Provisional Municipal Government of the Special City of Shanghai (Chinese: 上海特别市临时市政府; pinyin: Shànghǎi Tèbiéshì Línshí Shìzhèngfǔ), also known as the Shanghai Civil Government (Chinese: 上海市民政府; pinyin: Shànghǎishì Mínlínshí) or Shanghai Commune, was a provisional administration that briefly governed the city of Shanghai during the Northern Expedition. Established by people's committees with the assistance of Chen Duxiu, Zhou Enlai, and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), the commune briefly administered the city of Shanghai before its forceful dissolution by order of Chiang Kai-shek. The dissolution of the Shanghai Commune would lead to the 1927 Shanghai massacre, and the onset of the Chinese Civil War.