Yan'an Soviet
The Yan'an Soviet was a soviet governed by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) during the 1930s and 1940s. In October 1936 it became the final destination of the Long March, and served as the CCP's main base until after the Second Sino-Japanese War.: 632 After the CCP and Kuomintang (KMT) formed the Second United Front in 1937, the Yan'an Soviet was officially reconstituted as the Shaan–Gan–Ning Border Region (traditional Chinese: 陝甘寧邊區; simplified Chinese: 陕甘宁边区; pinyin: Shǎn-Gān-Níng Biānqū; lit. 'Shaan-Gan-Ning Border Region').
| Shaan-Gan-Ning Border Region 陝甘寧邊區 | |
|---|---|
| Rump state of the Chinese Soviet Republic | |
| 1937–1950 | |
Map of Shaan-Gan-Ning Border Region. | |
| Capital | Yan'an (1937–47, 1948-49) Xi'an (1949–50) |
| Area | |
• 1937 | 134,500 km2 (51,900 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• 1937 | 1,500,000 |
| Government | |
| Chairman | |
• 1937–1948 | Lin Boqu |
| Deputy Chairman | |
• 1937–1938 | Zhang Guotao |
• 1938–1945 | Gao Zili |
| Historical era | Chinese Civil War |
• Established | 6 September 1937 |
• Disestablished | 19 January 1950 |
| Today part of | China |
It was one of the two border region governments with the capital at Yan'an, and included parts of the provinces of Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, and Suiyuan. The other region was the Jin-Cha-Ji Border Area, which included parts of Shanxi, Chahar, and Hebei.
Although not on the front lines of the Chinese War of Resistance against Japan, the Shaan-Gan-Ning Border Region was the most politically important and influential Base Area due to its function as the de facto capital of the Communist movement.: 129 The Eighth Route Army established its first film production group in the Yan'an Soviet during September 1938.: 69