Scandinavian Defense

The Scandinavian Defense (or Center Counter Defense, or Center Counter Game) is a chess opening characterized by the moves:

1. e4 d5

Scandinavian Defense
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Moves1.e4 d5
ECOB01
OriginCastellvi vs. Vinyoles, Valencia 1475
Named afterScandinavia
ParentKing's Pawn Game
Synonym(s)Center Counter Defense
Center Counter Game

This opening is classified under code B01 in the Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings. The Scandinavian Defense, described in the poem Scachs d'amor, is the oldest opening by Black recorded in modern chess. Considered to be the most directly challenging move available to Black after 1.e4, the general goal of the defense is to prevent White from controlling the center of the board with pawns, effectively forcing an open game, while allowing Black to build a strong pawn structure.

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