Rudra veena
The Rudra veena (Sanskrit: रुद्र वीणा) (also spelled Rudraveena or Rudra vina)—also called Bīn in North India—is a large plucked string instrument used in Hindustani Music, especially dhrupad. It is one of the major types of veena played in Indian classical music, notable for its deep bass resonance.
Rudra veena | |
| String instrument | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Rudra vina, Been, Bin |
| Classification | String instrument |
| Hornbostel–Sachs classification | 311.222 (True stick zither: instruments in which sound is produced by one or more vibrating strings, which consist solely of a string bearer or a string bearer with a resonator that is not integral to the instrument, with a string bearer shaped like a bar (bar zither), has a rigid and inflexible string carrier (stick zither), has no curved or flexible end (true stick zither), has more than one resonator gourds.) |
| Developed | By late 15th century |
| Musicians | |
| Asit Kumar Banerjee, Anant Bedekar, Bahauddin Dagar (b. 1970), Zia Mohiuddin Dagar (1929 - 1990), Mohammed Khan Faridi, Ustad Shamshuddin Faridi Desai (1936 - 2011), Zahid Faridi Desai, Hindraj Divekar (1954 - 2019), Jyoti Hegde, R.V. Hegde (b. 1953), Ustad Abid Hussain Khan, Ustad Asad Ali Khan (1937 - 2011), Bande Ali Khan (1826 - 1890), Jamaluddin Khan, Murad Khan, Naubat Khan, Omrao Khan, Rajab Ali Khan, Wazir Khan (Rampur), Zahid Khan, Krishnarao Kholapure, Sharada Mushti, Madhuvanti Pal (b. 1992), Dattatreya Rama Rao Parvatikar (1916 - 1990), Bindu Madhav Pathak (1935 - 2004), Shrikant Pathak, Peter Row (1944-2018), P.D. Shah (1911 - 1975), Carsten Wicke (b. 1970) | |
| Builders | |
| Kanailal & Brother, Kolkata | |
| More articles or information | |
| Veena, Saraswati veena, Vichitra veena, Chitra veena, Pinaka vina, Ālāpiṇī vīṇā | |
The rudra veena is seen in temple architecture predating the Mughals. It is also mentioned in court records as early as the reign of Zain-ul Abidin (1418-1470), and attained particular importance among Mughal court musicians. Before Independence, rudra veena players, as dhrupad practitioners, were supported by the princely states; after Independence and the political integration of India, this traditional patronage system ended. With the end of this traditional support, dhrupad's popularity in India declined, as did the popularity of the rudra veena. However, in recent years, the rudra veena has seen a resurgence in popularity, driven at least partly by interest among non-Indian practitioners.