Rajasthan
Rajasthan (/rɑːdʒəˈstɑːn/; Hindi: [rɑːdʒəsˈtʰɑːn] ⓘ; lit. 'Land of Kings') is a state in northern India. It covers 342,239 square kilometres (132,139 sq mi) or 10.4 per cent of India's total geographical area. It is the largest Indian state by area and the seventh largest by population. It is on India's northwestern side, where it comprises most of the wide and inhospitable Thar Desert (also known as the Great Indian Desert) and shares a border with the Pakistani provinces of Punjab to the northwest and Sindh to the west, along the Sutlej-Indus River valley. It is bordered by five other Indian states: Punjab to the north; Haryana and Uttar Pradesh to the northeast; Madhya Pradesh to the southeast; and Gujarat to the southwest. Its geographical location is 23°.3' to 30°.12' North latitude and 69°.30' to 78°.17' East longitude, with the Tropic of Cancer passing through its southernmost tip.
Rajasthan | |
|---|---|
| State of Rajasthan | |
Garadia Mahadev Temples in Kota | |
| Etymology: Land of Kings | |
| Motto(s): Satyameva Jayate (Truth alone triumphs) | |
Location of Rajasthan in India | |
| Coordinates: 26.6°N 73.8°E | |
| Country | India |
| Region | North India |
| Before was | Rajputana Agency |
| Formation | 30 March 1949 |
| Capital and largest city | Jaipur |
| Districts | 50 (10 divisions) |
| Government | |
| • Body | Government of Rajasthan |
| • Governor | Kalraj Mishra |
| • Chief minister | Bhajan Lal Sharma (BJP) |
| • Deputy chief minister | Diya Kumari (BJP) Prem Chand Bairwa (BJP) |
| State Legislature | Unicameral |
| • Assembly | Rajasthan Legislative Assembly (200 seats) |
| National Parliament | Parliament of India |
| • Rajya Sabha | 10 seats |
| • Lok Sabha | 25 seats |
| High Court | Rajasthan High Court |
| Area | |
| • Total | 342,239 km2 (132,139 sq mi) |
| • Rank | 1st |
| Dimensions | |
| • Length | 826 km (513 mi) |
| • Width | 869 km (540 mi) |
| Elevation | 225 m (738 ft) |
| Highest elevation | 1,722 m (5,650 ft) |
| Lowest elevation (Bhim block) | 100 m (300 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
| • Total | 68,548,437 |
| • Rank | 7th |
| • Density | 200/km2 (500/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 24.87% |
| • Rural | 75.13% |
| Demonym | Rajasthani |
| Language | |
| • Official | Hindi |
| • Additional official | English |
| • Official script | Devanagari script |
| GDP | |
| • Total (2022–23) | ₹14.13 lakh crore (equivalent to ₹15 trillion or US$190 billion in 2023) |
| • Rank | 7th |
| • Per capita | ₹156,149 (equivalent to ₹170,000 or US$2,100 in 2023) (22nd) |
| Time zone | UTC+05:30 (IST) |
| ISO 3166 code | IN-RJ |
| Vehicle registration | RJ |
| HDI (2018) | 0.629 Medium (22nd) |
| Literacy (2011) | 66.11% (33rd) |
| Sex ratio (2021) | 1009♀/1000 ♂ (30th) |
| Website | rajasthan |
| Symbols of Rajasthan | |
| Bird | Godawan |
| Flower | Rohida |
| Mammal | Camel and Chinkara |
| Tree | Khejri |
| State highway mark | |
| State highway of Rajasthan RJ SH1 -RJ SH138 | |
| List of Indian state symbols | |
Its major features include the ruins of the Indus Valley civilisation at Kalibangan and Balathal, the Dilwara Temples, a Jain pilgrimage site at Rajasthan's only hill station, Mount Abu, in the ancient Aravalli mountain range and eastern Rajasthan, the Keoladeo National Park of Bharatpur, a World Heritage Site known for its bird life. Rajasthan is also home to three national tiger reserves, the Ranthambore National Park in Sawai Madhopur, Sariska Tiger Reserve in Alwar and the Mukundra Hills Tiger Reserve in Kota.
The State of Rajasthan was formed on 30 March 1949 when the states of the Rajputana Agency of the erstwhile British Empire in India were merged into the new Indian Union. Its capital and largest city is Jaipur. Other important cities are Jodhpur, Kota, Bikaner, Ajmer, Bharatpur and Udaipur. The economy of Rajasthan is the seventh-largest state economy in India with ₹10.20 lakh crore (US$130 billion) in gross domestic product and a per capita GDP of ₹118,000 (US$1,500). Rajasthan ranks 22nd among Indian states in human development index.