RGS9

RGS9
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	2PBI
Identifiers
Aliases	RGS9, PERRS, RGS9L, regulator of G-protein signaling 9, regulator of G protein signaling 9
External IDs	OMIM: 604067 MGI: 1338824 HomoloGene: 2845 GeneCards: RGS9
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 17 (human)
End	65,227,703 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 11 (mouse)
End	109,188,955 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	putamen; ; caudate nucleus; ; islet of Langerhans; ; nucleus accumbens; ; left uterine tube; ; gastric mucosa; ; anterior pituitary; ; right lung; ; middle frontal gyrus; ; Achilles tendon;
	Top expressed in
	olfactory tubercle; ; nucleus accumbens; ; superior frontal gyrus; ; globus pallidus; ; arcuate nucleus; ; median eminence; ; ventromedial nucleus; ; dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus; ; paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus; ; mammillary body;
	More reference expression data
	; ;
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	GTPase activator activity; protein-containing complex binding; GTPase activity; signal transducer activity;
Cellular component	nucleus; photoreceptor inner segment; cytoplasm; membrane; photoreceptor outer segment; plasma membrane; photoreceptor disc membrane; postsynaptic density membrane; glutamatergic synapse; intracellular anatomical structure;
Biological process	nervous system development; visual perception; response to stimulus; G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; intracellular signal transduction; negative regulation of signal transduction; positive regulation of GTPase activity; response to estrogen; regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; dopamine receptor signaling pathway; protein folding; response to amphetamine; response to estradiol; positive regulation of NMDA glutamate receptor activity; regulation of calcium ion export across plasma membrane;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	8787
	19739
	ENSG00000108370
	ENSMUSG00000020599
	O75916
	O54828
	NM_001081955; NM_001165933; NM_003835
	NM_001165934; NM_011268
	NP_001075424; NP_001159405; NP_003826
	NP_001159406; NP_035398
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Regulator of G-protein signalling 9, also known as RGS9, is a human gene, which codes for a protein involved in regulation of signal transduction inside cells. Members of the RGS family, such as RGS9, are signaling proteins that suppress the activity of G proteins by promoting their deactivation.[supplied by OMIM]

There are two splice isoforms of RGS9 with quite different properties and patterns of expression. RGS9-1 is mainly found in the eye and is involved in regulation of phototransduction in rod and cone cells of the retina, while RGS9-2 is found in the brain, and regulates dopamine and opioid signaling in the basal ganglia.

RGS9-2 is of particular interest as the most important RGS protein involved in terminating signalling by the mu opioid receptor (although RGS4 and RGS17 are also involved), and is thought to be important in the development of tolerance to opioid drugs. RGS9-deficient mice exhibit some motor and cognitive difficulties however, so inhibition of this protein is likely to cause similar side effects.

RGS9 is differentially regulated by Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 (GNB5) via the DEP domain and DEP helical-extension domain in protein stability and membrane anchor association.

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