Pyrazinamide
Pyrazinamide is a medication used to treat tuberculosis. For active tuberculosis, it is often used with rifampicin, isoniazid, and either streptomycin or ethambutol. It is not generally recommended for the treatment of latent tuberculosis. It is taken by mouth.
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| Trade names | Rifater, Tebrazid, others |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a682402 |
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| Routes of administration | By mouth |
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| Bioavailability | >90% |
| Metabolism | liver |
| Elimination half-life | 9 to 10 hours |
| Excretion | kidney |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.002.470 |
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| Formula | C5H5N3O |
| Molar mass | 123.115 g·mol−1 |
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Common side effects include nausea, loss of appetite, muscle and joint pains, and rash. More serious side effects include gout, liver toxicity, and sensitivity to sunlight. It is not recommended in those with significant liver disease or porphyria. It is unclear if use during pregnancy is safe but it is likely okay during breastfeeding. Pyrazinamide is in the antimycobacterial class of medications. How it works is not entirely clear.
Pyrazinamide was first made in 1936, but did not come into wide use until 1972. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. Pyrazinamide is available as a generic medication.