Pyelogram

Pyelogram (or pyelography or urography) is a form of imaging of the renal pelvis and ureter.

Types include:

• Intravenous pyelogram – In which a contrast solution is introduced through a vein into the circulatory system.
• Retrograde pyelogram – Any pyelogram in which contrast medium is introduced from the lower urinary tract and flows toward the kidney (i.e. in a "retrograde" direction, against the normal flow of urine).
• Anterograde pyelogram (also antegrade pyelogram) – A pyelogram where a contrast medium passes from the kidneys toward the bladder, mimicking the normal flow of urine.
• Gas pyelogram – A pyelogram that uses a gaseous rather than liquid contrast medium. It may also form without the injection of a gas, when gas producing micro-organisms infect the most upper parts of urinary system.