Prochlorperazine
Prochlorperazine, formerly sold under the brand name Compazine among others, is a medication used to treat nausea, migraines, schizophrenia, psychosis and anxiety. It is a less preferred medication for anxiety. It may be taken by mouth, rectally, injection into a vein, or injection into a muscle.
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| Trade names | Compazine, Stemetil, others |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a682116 |
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| Routes of administration | Oral administration, rectal administration, intramuscular injection, intravenous injection (IV) |
| Drug class | Typical antipsychotic |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | Unknown, but presumed substantial |
| Protein binding | 91–99% |
| Metabolism | Mainly Liver (CYP2D6 and/or CYP3A4) |
| Elimination half-life | 4–8 hours, differs with the method of administration |
| Excretion | Bile duct, (colored) inactive metabolites in urine |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.345 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C20H24ClN3S |
| Molar mass | 373.94 g·mol−1 |
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Common side effects include sleepiness, blurry vision, low blood pressure, and dizziness. Serious side effects may include movement disorders including tardive dyskinesia and neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Use in pregnancy and breastfeeding is generally not recommended. It is a typical antipsychotic which is believed to work by reducing the action of dopamine in the brain.
Prochlorperazine was approved for medical use in the United States in 1956. It is available as a generic medication. In 2020, it was the 355th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 600 thousand prescriptions.