Procaine

Procaine
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
Pregnancy; category	AU: B2;
Routes of; administration	Parenteral
ATC code	N01BA02 (WHO) C05AD05 (WHO) S01HA05 (WHO);
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S4 (Prescription only);
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	N/A
Metabolism	Hydrolysis by plasma esterases
Elimination half-life	40–84 seconds
Excretion	Renal
Identifiers
	IUPAC name 2-(diethylamino)ethyl 4-aminobenzoate;
CAS Number	59-46-1 ;
PubChem CID	4914;
IUPHAR/BPS	4291;
DrugBank	DB00721 ;
ChemSpider	4745 ;
UNII	4Z8Y51M438;
KEGG	D08422 ;
ChEBI	CHEBI:8430 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL569 ;
NIAID ChemDB	019136;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID7045021 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.388
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C13H20N2O2
Molar mass	236.315 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES O=C(OCCN(CC)CC)c1ccc(N)cc1;
	InChI InChI=1S/C13H20N2O2/c1-3-15(4-2)9-10-17-13(16)11-5-7-12(14)8-6-11/h5-8H,3-4,9-10,14H2,1-2H3 ; Key:MFDFERRIHVXMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
	(what is this?) (verify)

Procaine is a local anesthetic drug of the amino ester group. It is most commonly used in dental procedures to numb the area around a tooth and is also used to reduce the pain of intramuscular injection of penicillin. Owing to the ubiquity of the trade name Novocain or Novocaine, in some regions, procaine is referred to generically as novocaine. It acts mainly as a sodium channel blocker. Today, it is used therapeutically in some countries due to its sympatholytic, anti-inflammatory, perfusion-enhancing, and mood-enhancing effects.

Procaine was first synthesized in 1905, shortly after amylocaine. It was created by the chemist Alfred Einhorn who gave the chemical the trade name Novocaine, from the Latin nov- (meaning "new") and -caine, a common ending for alkaloids used as anesthetics. It was introduced into medical use by surgeon Heinrich Braun.

Prior to the discovery of amylocaine and procaine, cocaine was a commonly used local anesthetic. Einhorn wished his new discovery to be used for amputations, but for this surgeons preferred general anesthesia. Dentists, however, found it very useful.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.