Prednisolone

Prednisolone
Clinical data
Trade names	Orapred, PediaPred, Millipred, others
Other names	11,17-Dihydroxy-17-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-10,13-dimethyl-6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a615042
License data	EU EMA: by INN; US DailyMed: Prednisolone; US FDA: Prednisolone;
Pregnancy; category	AU: A;
Routes of; administration	By mouth, intravenous, topical, eye drop
ATC code	A07EA01 (WHO) A01AC04 (WHO), C05AA04 (WHO), D07AA03 (WHO), D07XA02 (WHO), H02AB06 (WHO), R01AD02 (WHO), S01BA04 (WHO), S01CB02 (WHO), S02BA03 (WHO), S03BA02 (WHO), D07CA03 (WHO), S01CA02 (WHO), S02CA01 (WHO), S03CA02 (WHO), D07BA01 (WHO), S01BB02 (WHO), V03AB05 (WHO), A01AC54 (WHO), R01AD52 (WHO), QA01AC04 (WHO);
Legal status
Legal status	UK: POM (Prescription only); US: ℞-only; In general: ℞ (Prescription only);
Pharmacokinetic data
Elimination half-life	2–3.5 hours
Excretion	urine
Identifiers
	IUPAC name (11β)-11,17,21-Trihydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione;
CAS Number	50-24-8 ;
PubChem CID	5755;
IUPHAR/BPS	2866;
DrugBank	DB00860 ;
ChemSpider	5552 ;
UNII	9PHQ9Y1OLM;
KEGG	D00472 ;
ChEBI	CHEBI:8378 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL131 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID9021184 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.020
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C21H28O5
Molar mass	360.450 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES O=C\1\C=C/[C@]4(/C(=C/1)CC[C@@H]2[C@@H]4[C@@H](O)C[C@@]3([C@@](O)(C(=O)CO)CC[C@@H]23)C)C;
	InChI InChI=1S/C21H28O5/c1-19-7-5-13(23)9-12(19)3-4-14-15-6-8-21(26,17(25)11-22)20(15,2)10-16(24)18(14)19/h5,7,9,14-16,18,22,24,26H,3-4,6,8,10-11H2,1-2H3/t14-,15-,16-,18+,19-,20-,21-/m0/s1 ; Key:OIGNJSKKLXVSLS-VWUMJDOOSA-N ;
	(verify)

Prednisolone is a corticosteroid, a steroid hormone used to treat certain types of allergies, inflammatory conditions, autoimmune disorders, and cancers. Some of these conditions include adrenocortical insufficiency, high blood calcium, rheumatoid arthritis, dermatitis, eye inflammation, asthma, and multiple sclerosis. It can be taken by mouth, injected into a vein, used topically as a skin cream, or as eye drops. It differs from the similarly named prednisone in having a hydroxyl at the 11th carbon instead of a ketone.

Side effects with short-term use include nausea, inability to concentrate, insomnia, or feeling tired. More severe side effects include psychiatric problems, which may occur in about 5% of people. Common side effects with long term use include bone loss, weakness, yeast infections, and easy bruising. While short-term use in the later part of pregnancy is safe, long-term use or use in early pregnancy is occasionally associated with harm to the baby. It is a glucocorticoid made from hydrocortisone (cortisol).

Prednisolone was discovered and approved for medical use in 1955. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. It is available as a generic drug. In 2020, it was the 153rd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 3 million prescriptions.

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