Potassium permanganate
Potassium permanganate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula KMnO4. It is a purplish-black crystalline salt, that dissolves in water as K+ and MnO−
4, an intensely pink to purple solution.
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Potassium manganate(VII) | |
| Systematic IUPAC name
Potassium permanganate | |
| Other names
Chameleon mineral Condy's crystals Permanganate of potash Hypermangan Purple potion powder | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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| ChEMBL | |
| ChemSpider | |
| DrugBank | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.028.874 |
| EC Number |
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| KEGG | |
PubChem CID |
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| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |
| UN number | 1490 |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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| Properties | |
| KMnO4 | |
| Molar mass | 158.034 g/mol |
| Appearance | Purplish-bronze-gray needles purple in solution |
| Odor | odorless |
| Density | 2.7 g/cm3: 4.83 |
| Melting point | 240 °C (464 °F; 513 K) (decomposes) |
| 76 g/L (25 °C) 250 g/L (65 °C) | |
| Solubility | decomposes in alcohol and organic solvents |
| +20.0·10−6 cm3/mol: 4.134 | |
Refractive index (nD) |
1.59 |
| Structure | |
| Orthorhombic, oP24 | |
| Pnma, No. 62 | |
a = 0.909 nm, b = 0.572 nm, c = 0.741 nm | |
Formula units (Z) |
4 |
| Thermochemistry | |
Heat capacity (C) |
119.2 J/mol K |
Std molar entropy (S⦵298) |
171.7 J K−1 mol−1 |
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−813.4 kJ/mol |
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG⦵) |
-713.8 kJ/mol |
| Pharmacology | |
| D08AX06 (WHO) V03AB18 (WHO) | |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling: | |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (median dose) |
1090 mg/kg (oral, rat) |
| Related compounds | |
Other anions |
Potassium pertechnetate Potassium perrhenate |
Other cations |
Sodium permanganate Ammonium permanganate Calcium permanganate Silver permanganate |
Related manganates |
Potassium hypomanganate Potassium manganate |
Related compounds |
Manganese heptoxide |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references | |
| Clinical data | |
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| License data | |
| Identifiers | |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.028.874 |
Potassium permanganate is widely used in the chemical industry and laboratories as a strong oxidizing agent, and also as a medication for dermatitis, for cleaning wounds, and general disinfection. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. In 2000, worldwide production was estimated at 30,000 tons.
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