Potassium oxide
Potassium oxide (K2O) is an ionic compound of potassium and oxygen. It is a base. This pale yellow solid is the simplest oxide of potassium. It is a highly reactive compound that is rarely encountered. Some industrial materials, such as fertilizers and cements, are assayed assuming the percent composition that would be equivalent to K2O.
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
potassium oxide | |
| Systematic IUPAC name
potassium oxidopotassium | |
| Other names
potash, dipotassium oxide | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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| ChEBI | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.032.012 |
| EC Number |
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| MeSH | Potassium+oxide |
PubChem CID |
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| UNII | |
| UN number | 2033 |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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| Properties | |
| K2O | |
| Molar mass | 94.196 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | Pale yellow solid |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 2.32 g/cm3 (20 °C) 2.13 g/cm3 (24 °C) |
| Melting point | 740 °C (1,360 °F; 1,010 K) decomposes from 300 °C |
| Reacts forming KOH | |
| Solubility | Soluble in diethyl ether |
| Structure | |
| Antifluorite cubic, cF12 | |
| Fm3m, No. 225 | |
a = 6.436 Å α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 90° | |
| Tetrahedral (K+) Cubic (O2−) | |
| Thermochemistry | |
Heat capacity (C) |
83.62 J/mol·K |
Std molar entropy (S⦵298) |
94.03 J/mol·K |
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−363.17 kJ/mol |
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG⦵) |
−322.1 kJ/mol |
| Hazards | |
| Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards |
Corrosive, reacts violently with water |
| GHS labelling: | |
| Danger | |
| H314 | |
| P260, P264, P280, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P321, P363, P405, P501 | |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
| Safety data sheet (SDS) | ICSC 0769 |
| Related compounds | |
Other anions |
Potassium sulfide Potassium selenide Potassium telluride Potassium polonide |
Other cations |
Lithium oxide Sodium oxide Rubidium oxide Caesium oxide |
| Potassium peroxide Potassium superoxide Potassium ozonide | |
Related compounds |
Potassium hydroxide |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references | |
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