Pope Nicholas III
Pope Nicholas III (Latin: Nicolaus III; c. 1225 – 22 August 1280), born Giovanni Gaetano Orsini, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 25 November 1277 to his death on 22 August 1280.
Nicholas III | |
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| Bishop of Rome | |
13th century fresco in the Sancta Sanctorum (Lateran, Rome) depicting Nicholas III offering the church to Christ | |
| Church | Catholic Church |
| Papacy began | 25 November 1277 |
| Papacy ended | 22 August 1280 |
| Predecessor | John XXI |
| Successor | Martin IV |
| Orders | |
| Created cardinal | 28 May 1244 by Innocent IV |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Giovanni Gaetano Orsini c. 1225 |
| Died | 22 August 1280 (aged 54–55) Viterbo, Papal States |
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| Coat of arms | |
| Other popes named Nicholas | |
Ordination history of Pope Nicholas III | |||||||||||||||||||||
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He was a Roman nobleman who had served under eight popes, been made Cardinal-Deacon of St. Nicola in Carcere Tulliano by Pope Innocent IV (1243–54), protector of the Franciscans by Pope Alexander IV (1254–61), inquisitor-general by Pope Urban IV (1261–64), and succeeded Pope John XXI (1276–77) after a six-month vacancy in the Holy See resolved in the papal election of 1277, largely through family influence.
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