Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union

The Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Russian: Полити́ческое бюро́ Центра́льного комите́та Коммунисти́ческой па́ртии Сове́тского Сою́за, abbreviated: Политбюро ЦК КПСС, Politbyuro TsK KPSS), or Politburo (Russian: Политбюро, IPA: [pəlʲɪtbʲʊˈro]) was the highest political body of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and defacto a collective presidency of the USSR. It was founded in October 1917, and refounded in March 1919, at the 8th Congress of the Bolshevik Party. It was known as the Presidium from 1952 to 1966. The existence of the Politburo ended in 1991 upon the breakup of the Soviet Union.