Phosphanide

Phosphanides are chemicals containing the [PH2]− anion. This is also known as the phosphino anion or phosphido ligand. The IUPAC name can also be dihydridophosphate(1−).

Phosphanide
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
284
  • InChI=1S/H2P/h1H2/q-1
    Key: JZWFHNVJSWEXLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • [H][P-][H]
Properties
H2P−
Molar mass 32.990 g·mol−1
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

It can occur as a group phosphanyl -PH2 in organic compounds or ligand called phosphanido, or dihydridophosphato(1−). A related substance has PH2−. Phosphinidene (PH) has phosphorus in a −1 oxidation state.

As a ligand PH2 can either bond to one atom or be in a μ2-bridged ligand across two metal atoms. With transition metals and actinides, bridging is likely unless the metal atom is mostly enclosed in a ligand.

In phosphanides, phosphorus is in the −3 oxidation state. When phosphanide is oxidised, the first step is phosphinite ([H2PO]−). Further oxidation yields phosphonite ([HPO2]2−)and phosphite ([PO3]3−).

The study of phosphine derivatives is unpopular, because they are unstable, poisonous and malodorous.

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