Permanent Structured Cooperation
The Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO) is the part of the European Union's (EU) security and defence policy (CSDP) in which 26 of the 27 national armed forces pursue structural integration (the exception being Malta). Based on Article 42.6 and Protocol 10 of the Treaty on European Union, introduced by the Treaty of Lisbon in 2009, PESCO was first initiated in 2017. The initial integration within the PESCO format is a number of projects which launched in 2018.
PESCO States Non-PESCO EU States | |
| Formation | 2018 |
|---|---|
| Type | Framework for structural integration within the Common Security and Defence Policy, based on Article 42.6 of the Treaty on European Union |
Membership | 26 member states |
| Website | https://pesco.europa.eu/ |
Together with the Coordinated Annual Review on Defence (CARD), the European Defence Fund and the Military Planning and Conduct Capability (MPCC) it forms a comprehensive defence package for the EU.
PESCO is similar to enhanced co-operation in other policy areas, in the sense that integration does not require that all EU member states participate.