Paromomycin

Paromomycin
Clinical data
Trade names	Catenulin, Aminosidine, Humatin, others
Other names	monomycin, aminosidine
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a601098
License data	US DailyMed: Paromomycin;
Pregnancy; category	C;
Routes of; administration	By mouth, intramuscular, topical
ATC code	A07AA06 (WHO) ; QJ01GB92 (WHO);
Legal status
Legal status	US: ℞-only;
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	Poorly absorbed in the GI tract
Metabolism	Not available
Excretion	Fecal
Identifiers
	IUPAC name (2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-5-amino-6-[(1R,2S,3S,4R,6S)-; 4,6-diamino-2-[(2S,3R,4R,5R)-4-[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-; 3-amino-6-(aminomethyl)-4,5-dihydroxy-oxan-2-yl]; oxy-3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-; 3-hydroxy-cyclohexyl]oxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4-diol;
CAS Number	1263-89-4 ;
PubChem CID	441375;
DrugBank	DB01421 ;
ChemSpider	390117 ;
UNII	845NU6GJPS;
ChEBI	CHEBI:7934 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL370143 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID8023424 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.028.567
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C23H47N5O18S
Molar mass	713.71 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES O=S(=O)(O)O.O([C@H]3[C@H](O[C@@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O[C@H]1O[C@@H](CN)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1N)[C@H]2O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](N)C[C@@H]3N)[C@H]4O[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]4N)CO;
	InChI InChI=1S/C23H45N5O14.H2O4S/c24-2-7-13(32)15(34)10(27)21(37-7)41-19-9(4-30)39-23(17(19)36)42-20-12(31)5(25)1-6(26)18(20)40-22-11(28)16(35)14(33)8(3-29)38-22;1-5(2,3)4/h5-23,29-36H,1-4,24-28H2;(H2,1,2,3,4)/t5-,6+,7+,8-,9-,10-,11-,12+,13-,14-,15-,16-,17-,18-,19-,20-,21-,22-,23+;/m1./s1 ; Key:LJRDOKAZOAKLDU-UDXJMMFXSA-N ;
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Paromomycin is an antimicrobial used to treat a number of parasitic infections including amebiasis, giardiasis, leishmaniasis, and tapeworm infection. It is a first-line treatment for amebiasis or giardiasis during pregnancy. Otherwise, it is generally a second line treatment option. It is taken by mouth, applied to the skin, or by injection into a muscle.

Common side effects when taken by mouth include loss of appetite, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. When applied to the skin side effects include itchiness, redness, and blisters. When given by injection there may be fever, liver problems, or hearing loss. Use during breastfeeding appears to be safe. Paromomycin is in the aminoglycoside family of medications and causes microbe death by stopping the creation of bacterial proteins.

Paromomycin was discovered in the 1950s from a type of streptomyces and came into medical use in 1960. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. Paromomycin is available as a generic medication.

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