Palmitic acid

Palmitic acid
Names
	Preferred IUPAC name Hexadecanoic acid
	Other names Palmitic acid; C16:0 (Lipid numbers)
Identifiers
CAS Number	57-10-3 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL82293 ;
ChemSpider	960 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.284
IUPHAR/BPS	1055;
PubChem CID	985;
UNII	2V16EO95H1 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID2021602 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C16H32O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16(17)18/h2-15H2,1H3,(H,17,18) Key: IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/C16H32O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16(17)18/h2-15H2,1H3,(H,17,18) Key: IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYAJ;
	SMILES CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O;
Properties
Chemical formula	C16H32O2
Molar mass	256.430 g/mol
Appearance	White crystals
Density	0.852 g/cm3 (25 °C); 0.8527 g/cm3 (62 °C)
Melting point	62.9 °C (145.2 °F; 336.0 K)
Boiling point	351–352 °C (664–666 °F; 624–625 K); 271.5 °C (520.7 °F; 544.6 K), 100 mmHg ; 215 °C (419 °F; 488 K), 15 mmHg
Solubility in water	4.6 mg/L (0 °C); 7.2 mg/L (20 °C); 8.3 mg/L (30 °C); 10 mg/L (45 °C); 12 mg/L (60 °C)
Solubility	Soluble in amyl acetate, alcohol, CCl4, C6H6 ; Very soluble in CHCl3
Solubility in ethanol	2 g/100 mL (0 °C); 2.8 g/100 mL (10 °C); 9.2 g/100 mL (20 °C); 31.9 g/100 mL (40 °C)
Solubility in methyl acetate	7.81 g/100 g
Solubility in ethyl acetate	10.7 g/100 g
Vapor pressure	0.051 mPa (25 °C); 1.08 kPa (200 °C); 28.06 kPa (300 °C)
Acidity (pKa)	4.75
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−198.6·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	1.43 (70 °C)
Viscosity	7.8 cP (70 °C)
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C)	463.36 J/(mol·K)
Std molar; entropy (S⦵298)	452.37 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	−892 kJ/mol
Std enthalpy of; combustion (ΔcH⦵298)	10030.6 kJ/mol
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statements	H319
Precautionary statements	P305+P351+P338
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	1 1 0
Flash point	206 °C (403 °F; 479 K)
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Palmitic acid (hexadecanoic acid in IUPAC nomenclature) is a fatty acid with a 16-carbon chain. It is the most common saturated fatty acid found in animals, plants and microorganisms. Its chemical formula is CH₃(CH₂)₁₄COOH, and its C:D ratio (the total number of carbon atoms to the number of carbon-carbon double bonds) is 16:0. It is a major component of palm oil from the fruit of Elaeis guineensis (oil palms), making up to 44% of total fats. Meats, cheeses, butter, and other dairy products also contain palmitic acid, amounting to 50–60% of total fats.

Palmitates are the salts and esters of palmitic acid. The palmitate anion is the observed form of palmitic acid at physiologic pH (7.4). Major sources of C16:0 are palm oil, palm kernel oil, coconut oil, and milk fat.

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