P-factor

P-factor, also known as asymmetric blade effect and asymmetric disc effect, is an aerodynamic phenomenon experienced by a moving propeller, wherein the propeller's center of thrust moves off-center when the aircraft is at a high angle of attack. This shift in the location of the center of thrust will exert a yawing moment on the aircraft, causing it to yaw slightly to one side. A rudder input is required to counteract the yawing tendency.

Not to be confused with the p-value.
This article is about the aerodynamic phenomenon. For the p factor of psychopathology, see p factor (psychopathology).
Propeller blade angle of attack (left) and propeller blade angle of attack change with aircraft pitch change, demonstrating asymmetrical load (right)
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