Nuevo León

Nuevo León (English: New León) (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈnweβo leˈon] ^ⓘ) is a state in northeastern Mexico. The state borders the Mexican states of Tamaulipas, Coahuila, Zacatecas, and San Luis Potosi, and has an extremely narrow international border with the U.S. state of Texas. With a population of 5.78 million people, it is the seventh-most populous state in Mexico and the fourtheenth most densely populated as of 2020. Nuevo León is the 13th-largest federal entity in Mexico by area, with a total land area of 64,555 square kilometers (24,771 square miles).

Monterrey is the most populous city in Nuevo León and the ninth-largest in Mexico while also serving as the state's capitol. Monterrey is part of the Monterrey metropolitan area, the second-largest metropolitan area in the country with an estimated population of 5.3 million people in 2020. About 92% of the state's population lives in the metropolitan area. The state was named after the New Kingdom of León, an administrative territory of the Viceroyalty of New Spain, itself named after the historic Spanish Kingdom of León.

Three of the most important physiographic provinces of the northeast region are found in Nuevo León. The south end of the Great Plains is considered to start in the northernmost regions of Nuevo León. The region is characterized by the soft hills that dominates the lands neighboring the banks of the Rio Grande. The south and west of the state consists of the Sierra Madre Oriental mountain range, which dominates most of the western scenery. Due to the abrupt shape of the mountains, there are vast valleys in between the mountains. Within these valleys is where Monterrey and its metropolitan area are situated. The Northern Gulf Coastal Plains are located to the east and include low altitude lands; it is classified as an "inclined plain" due to the alluvial land.