Neuromuscular disease
A neuromuscular disease is any disease affecting the peripheral nervous system (PNS), the neuromuscular junctions, or skeletal muscles, all of which are components of the motor unit. Damage to any of these structures can cause muscle atrophy and weakness. Issues with sensation can also occur.
| Neuromuscular disease | |
|---|---|
| Congenital nemaline myopathy (neuromuscular disorder) | |
| Specialty | Neurology, neuromuscular medicine, physical medicine and rehabilitation |
| Causes | Autoimmune disorders, genetic disorders, environmental factors |
| Diagnostic method | Muscle electrophysiology tests, genetic testing |
| Treatment | Depends on the disorder; many currently have no cure |
Neuromuscular diseases can be acquired or genetic. Mutations of more than 650 genes have shown to be causes of neuromuscular diseases. Other causes include nerve or muscle degeneration, autoimmunity, toxins, medications, malnutrition, metabolic derangements, hormone imbalances, infection, nerve compression/entrapment, comprised blood supply, and trauma.
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