Muhammad II of Khwarazm

'Alā' al-Din Muhammad (Persian: علاءالدین محمد خوارزمشاه; full name: Ala ad-Dunya wa ad-Din Abul-Fath Muhammad Sanjar ibn Tekish) was the Shah of the Khwarazmian Empire from 1200 to 1220. His ancestor was Anushtegin Gharchai, a Turkic Ghulam who eventually became a viceroy of a small province named Khwarizm. He was subjected to the Mongol conquest of the Khwarazmian Empire, which resulted in the utter destruction of his empire.

Muhammad II
The Second Alexander
Depiction of Muhammad II in a 1430 manuscript of the Jami' al-tawarikh by Rashid-al-Din Hamadani
Shah of Khwarezm
Reign1200–1220
Coronation1200
PredecessorTekish
SuccessorJalal al-Din Mangburni
Co-rulerTerken Khatun
Born1169
Died1220 (aged 50–51)
Caspian Sea
SpouseAy Chichek Khatun
IssueJalal ad-Din Manguberdi
Names
Laqab: Ala ad-Din (shortly), Iskandar-i Sani
Kunya: Abul-Fath
Given name: Muhammad
Turkic nickname: Sanjar
Nasab: Muhammad ibn Tekish ibn Il-Arslan ibn Atsiz ibn Muhammad ibn Anushtegin
HouseHouse of Anushtegin
FatherTekish
MotherTerken Khatun
ReligionSunni Islam
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