mtDNA control region
The mtDNA control region is an area of the mitochondrial genome which is non-coding DNA. This region controls RNA and DNA synthesis. It is the most polymorphic region of the human mtDNA genome, with polymorphism concentrated in hypervariable regions. The average nucleotide diversity in these regions is 1.7%. Despite this variability, an RNA transcript from this region has a conserved secondary structure (pictured) which has been found to be under selective pressure.
| Mitochondrial DNA control region secondary structure A | |
|---|---|
The consensus secondary structure for all haplotypes of the mtDNA control region. | |
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | mtDNA ssA |
| Rfam | RF01853 |
| Other data | |
| RNA type | Antisense RNA |
| Domain(s) | Mammalia |
| PDB structures | PDBe |
The mtDNA control region contains the origin of replication of one strand, and the origin of transcription for both strands. There is also an open reading frame thought to code for 7s ribosomal RNA in humans but not in mice or cows, where it has been deleted.
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