Meldonium

Meldonium (INN; trade name Mildronate, among others) is a limited-market pharmaceutical, developed in 1970 by Ivars Kalviņš at the USSR Latvia Institute of Organic Synthesis, and now manufactured by the Latvian pharmaceutical company Grindeks and several generic manufacturers. It is primarily distributed in Eastern European countries as an anti-ischemia medication.

Not to be confused with medronate or minodronate.
For the similarly named reed organ occasionally referred to as a "melodeum", see Melodeon (organ).

Meldonium
Clinical data
Trade namesMildronate, Mildronāts
Other namesTHP, MET-8 Mildronāts or Quaterine
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
  • US: Unscheduled
Identifiers
  • 2-(2-Carboxylato-ethyl)-1,1,1-trimethylhydrazinium
CAS Number
PubChem CID
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.110.108
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC6H14N2O2
Molar mass146.190 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
Solubility in water>40 mg/mL mg/mL (20 °C)
  • C[N+](C)(C)NCCC(=O)[O-]
  • InChI=1S/C6H14N2O2/c1-8(2,3)7-5-4-6(9)10/h7H,4-5H2,1-3H3
  • Key:PVBQYTCFVWZSJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Since 1 January 2016, it has been on the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) list of substances banned from use by athletes. Meldonium can be used as a metabolic modulator, changing how some hormones accelerate or slow down enzymatic reactions in the body. However, there are debates over its use as an athletic performance enhancer. Some athletes are known to have used meldonium before it was banned, most notably Maria Sharapova. Nevertheless, many athletes have been suspended or disqualified officially in relation to this drug.

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