Magnesium oxide
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Magnesium oxide | |
| Other names
Magnesia Periclase | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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| ChEMBL | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.013.793 |
| EC Number |
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| E number | E530 (acidity regulators, ...) |
| KEGG | |
PubChem CID |
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| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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| Properties | |
| MgO | |
| Molar mass | 40.304 g/mol |
| Appearance | White powder |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 3.6 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 2,852 °C (5,166 °F; 3,125 K) |
| Boiling point | 3,600 °C (6,510 °F; 3,870 K) |
| Solubility | Soluble in acid, ammonia insoluble in alcohol |
| Electrical resistivity | Dielectric |
| Band gap | 7.8 eV |
| −10.2·10−6 cm3/mol | |
| Thermal conductivity | 45–60 W·m−1·K−1 |
Refractive index (nD) |
1.7355 |
| 6.2 ± 0.6 D | |
| Structure | |
| Halite (cubic), cF8 | |
| Fm3m, No. 225 | |
a = 4.212Å | |
| Octahedral (Mg2+); octahedral (O2−) | |
| Thermochemistry | |
Heat capacity (C) |
37.2 J/mol K |
Std molar entropy (S⦵298) |
26.95 ± 0.15 J·mol−1·K−1 |
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−601.6 ± 0.3 kJ·mol−1 |
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG⦵) |
-569.3 kJ/mol |
| Pharmacology | |
| A02AA02 (WHO) A06AD02 (WHO), A12CC10 (WHO) | |
| Hazards | |
| Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards |
Metal fume fever, Irritant |
| GHS labelling: | |
| Warning | |
| H315, H319, H335 | |
| P261, P264, P271, P273, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P333+P313, P337+P313, P362, P363, P391, P403+P233, P405 | |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
| Flash point | Non-flammable |
| NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |
PEL (Permissible) |
TWA 15 mg/m3 (fume) |
REL (Recommended) |
None designated |
IDLH (Immediate danger) |
750 mg/m3 (fume) |
| Safety data sheet (SDS) | ICSC 0504 |
| Related compounds | |
Other anions |
Magnesium sulfide |
Other cations |
Beryllium oxide Calcium oxide Strontium oxide Barium oxide |
Related compounds |
Magnesium hydroxide Magnesium nitride |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references | |
Magnesium oxide (MgO), or magnesia, is a white hygroscopic solid mineral that occurs naturally as periclase and is a source of magnesium (see also oxide). It has an empirical formula of MgO and consists of a lattice of Mg2+ ions and O2− ions held together by ionic bonding. Magnesium hydroxide forms in the presence of water (MgO + H2O → Mg(OH)2), but it can be reversed by heating it to remove moisture.
Magnesium oxide was historically known as magnesia alba (literally, the white mineral from Magnesia), to differentiate it from magnesia nigra, a black mineral containing what is now known as manganese.
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