Isotopes of magnesium

Magnesium (12Mg) naturally occurs in three stable isotopes: 24
Mg
, 25
Mg
, and 26
Mg
. There are 19 radioisotopes that have been discovered, ranging from 18
Mg
to 40
Mg
(with the exception of 39
Mg
). The longest-lived radioisotope is 28
Mg
with a half-life of 20.915(9) h. The lighter isotopes mostly decay to isotopes of sodium while the heavier isotopes decay to isotopes of aluminium. The shortest-lived is proton-unbound 18
Mg
with a half-life of 4.0(3.4) zeptoseconds.

Isotopes of magnesium (12Mg)
Main isotopes Decay
abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct
24Mg 79% stable
25Mg 10% stable
26Mg 11% stable
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Mg)
  • [24.304, 24.307]
  • 24.305±0.002 (abridged)

A precise measurement of the neutron-rich 40Mg in 2019 showed the unexpected difference in its nuclear structure, compared to the lighter neighboring isotopes.

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