Madiun Regency

Madiun Regency (Indonesian: Kabupaten Madiun; Javanese: ꦑꦧꦸꦥꦠꦺꦤ꧀ꦩꦝꦶꦪꦸꦤ꧀) is a landlocked Regency in East Java province, Indonesia. It covers an area of 1,010.86 km², and had a population of 662,278 at the 2010 Census and 744,350 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as of mid-2022 was 757,665 (comprising 375,368 males and 382,297 females). It is bordered by Bojonegoro Regency in the north, Nganjuk Regency in the east, Ponorogo Regency in the south, and Magetan Regency and Ngawi Regency in the west, while the city of Madiun is an enclave within the regency.

Its capital was formerly the city of Madiun, but it was moved to Mejayan District by Government Regulation No.52 of the year 2010. However, Government Regulation No.3 of the Year 2019, as a revision of Government Regulation No. 52 of the year 2010, mentions that the capital of Madiun Regency is now called "Caruban", not Mejayan. The change of name of the capital city of Madiun Regency to "Caruban" is because of the history and culture of the former Regency of Caruban, of which "Mejayan" is only a part. In the Dutch Indies Government, Caruban was a District and Mejayan was an Onderdistrict (district), so after the Indonesian Independence, Caruban became Asisten of Regency (Pembantu Bupati) and Mejayan became Kecamatan. Caruban is more popular than Mejayan because Caruban was a former regency established by Raden Cakrakusuma (Tumenggung Alap-Alap) from the Sultanate of Demak Bintara. The regents of the former Regency of Caruban were Raden Cakrakusuma I (Tumenggung Alap-Alap), Raden Cakrakusuma II (Tumenggung Emprit Gantil), Kanjeng Pangeran Mlatakusuma (a son of Kanjeng Pangeran Adipati Martalaya from Madiyun), Raden Tumenggung Somadirja, Raden Tumenggung Natasari, Raden Tumenggung Jayengrana II, Raden Tumenggung Wignya Subrata, and finally Raden Tumenggung Martanagara, so the last-named became the first regent of the modern Panaraga renamed Raden Adipati Martahadinegara.

Most government buildings are located in areas that are part of the Caruban District. Other buildings will be moved gradually from the City of Madiun and the move began in 2011. In everyday conversation, Madiun Regency residents use the Javanese language with the dialect or dialects of Mataraman Madiun which is more inclined to accent Surakarta/Sala.