Macrogol
Macrogol, also known as polyethylene glycol (PEG), is used as a medication to treat constipation in children and adults. It is taken by mouth. Benefits usually occur within three days. Generally it is only recommended for up to two weeks. It is also used as an excipient. It is also used to clear the bowels (known as "bowel prep") before a colonoscopy, when the onset of the laxative effect is more rapid, typically within an hour.
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| Trade names | MiraLax, ClearLax, Golytely, others |
| Other names | Polyethylene glycol (PEG), PEG 3350, PEG 4000, PEG 6000 |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Professional Drug Facts |
| MedlinePlus | a603032 |
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| Routes of administration | By mouth |
| Drug class | Osmotic laxative |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | None |
| Excretion | Feces (100%) |
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| Formula | H–(OCH2CH2)n–OH |
| Molar mass | Varies |
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Side effects may include increased bowel gas, abdominal pain, and nausea. Rare but serious side effects may include an abnormal heartbeat, seizures, and kidney problems. Use appears to be safe during pregnancy. It is classified as an osmotic laxative. It works by increasing the amount of water in the stool.
Macrogol came into use as a bowel prep in 1980 and was approved for medical use in the United States in 1999. It is available as a generic medication and over the counter. In 2020, it was the 226th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 2 million prescriptions. Typically it is formulated together with electrolytes.