List of gene prediction software

This is a list of software tools and web portals used for gene prediction.

Name DescriptionSpeciesReferences
FINDER Automated software package to annotate eukaryotic genes from RNA-Seq data and associated protein sequences Eukaryotes
FragGeneScan Predicting genes in complete genomes and sequencing ReadsProkaryotes, Metagenomes
ATGpr Identifies translational initiation sites in cDNA sequencesHuman
Prodigal Its name stands for Prokaryotic Dynamic Programming Genefinding Algorithm. It is based on log-likelihood functions and does not use Hidden or Interpolated Markov Models. Prokaryotes, Metagenomes (metaProdigal)
AUGUSTUS Eukaryote gene predictorEukaryotes
BGF Hidden Markov model (HMM) and dynamic programming based ab initio gene prediction program
DIOGENES Fast detection of coding regions in short genome sequences
Dragon Promoter Finder Program to recognize vertebrate RNA polymerase II promotersVertebrates
EasyGene The gene finder is based on a hidden Markov model (HMM) that is automatically estimated for a new genome. Prokaryotes
EuGene Integrative gene findingProkaryotes, Eukaryotes
FGENESH HMM-based gene structure prediction: multiple genes, both chainsEukaryotes
FrameD Find genes and frameshift in G+C rich prokaryote sequencesProkaryotes, Eukaryotes
GeMoMa Homology-based gene prediction based on amino acid and intron position conservation as well as RNA-Seq data
GENIUS II Links ORFs in complete genomes to protein 3D structuresProkaryotes, Eukaryotes
geneid Program to predict genes, exons, splice sites, and other signals along DNA sequencesEukaryotes
GeneParser Parse DNA sequences into introns and exonsEukaryotes
GeneMark Family of self-training gene prediction programsProkaryotes, Eukaryotes,

Metagenomes

GeneTack Predicts genes with frameshifts in prokaryote genomesProkaryotes
GenomeScan Predicts the locations and exon-intron structures of genes in genome sequences from a variety of organisms, GENSCAN server is the GenomeScan's predecessorVertebrate, Arabidopsis, Maize
GENSCAN Predicts the locations and exon-intron structures of genes in genome sequences from a variety of organismsVertebrate, Arabidopsis, Maize
GLIMMER Finds genes in microbial DNAProkaryotes
GLIMMERHMM Eukaryotic gene-finding systemEukaryotes
GrailEXP Predicts exons, genes, promoters, polyas, CpG islands, EST similarities, and repeat elements in DNA sequenceHuman, Mus musculus, Arabidopsis thaliana, Drosophila melanogaster
mGene Support-vector machine (SVM) based system to find genesEukaryotes
mGene.ngs SVM based system to find genes using heterogeneous information: RNA-seq, tiling arraysEukaryotes
MORGAN Decision tree system to find genes in vertebrate DNAEukaryotes
BioNIX Web tool to combine results from different programs: GRAIL, FEX, HEXON, MZEF, GENEMARK, GENEFINDER, FGENE, BLAST, POLYAH, REPEATMASKER, TRNASCANProkaryotes, Eukaryotes
NNPP Neural network promoter predictionProkaryotes, Eukaryotes
NNSPLICE Neural network splice site predictionDrosophila, Human
ORFfinder Graphical analysis tool to find all open reading framesProkaryotes, Eukaryotes
Regulatory Sequence Analysis Tools Series of modular computer programs to detect regulatory signals in non-coding sequencesFungi, Prokaryotes, Metazoa, Protist, Plants
PHANOTATE A tool to annotate phage genomes.Phages
SplicePredictor Method to identify potential splice sites in (plant) pre-mRNA by sequence inspection using Bayesian statistical modelsEukaryotes
VEIL Hidden Markov model to find genes in vertebrate DNA ServerEukaryotes

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