Li–Lobanov Treaty

The Li–Lobanov Treaty or the Sino-Russian Secret Treaty (Chinese: 中俄密約; Russian: Союзный договор между Российской империей и Китаем) was a secret and unequal treaty signed on June 3, 1896 in Moscow by foreign minister Alexey Lobanov-Rostovsky on behalf of the Russian Empire and viceroy Li Hongzhang on behalf of Qing China. The treaty and its consequences increased anti-foreign sentiment in China, which came to a head in the Boxer Uprising of 1900.

The contents of the agreement were made public only in 1922.