Legality of euthanasia

The legality of euthanasia varies depending on the country. Efforts to change government policies on euthanasia of humans in the 20th and 21st centuries have met limited success in Western countries. Human euthanasia policies have also been developed by a variety of NGOs, most notably medical associations and advocacy organizations. As of 2023, euthanasia is legal in Belgium, Canada, Colombia, Ecuador, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Portugal (law not yet in force, awaiting regulation), Spain and all six states of Australia (New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia). Euthanasia was briefly legal in the Northern Territory between 1996 and 1997, but was overturned by a federal law. In 2021, a Peruvian court allowed euthanasia for a single person, Ana Estrada.

Not to be confused with Assisted suicide.
This article is about the legality of euthanasia of humans. For mercy killings performed on animals, see Animal euthanasia.

Euthanasia must not be confused with assisted suicide, which may be legal in certain other jurisdictions.

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