KVD-1
KVD-1 was an upper stage LOX/LH2 cryogenic engine developed by the Isayev Design Bureau (now KB KhIMMASH) of Russia in the early 1960s. It is a modified version of the RD-56, developed for a never-completed cryogenic upper stage of the N-1 super-heavy lift rocket, with the goal of enabling crewed lunar missions by the USSR. The KVD-1 produces a thrust of 7.5 tonnes.
| Country of origin | USSR/Russia |
|---|---|
| First flight | 2001-04-20, GSAT-1 Mission, GSLV debut flight |
| Last flight | 2010-12-25, GSAT-5P launch, GSLV Mk I final flight |
| Designer | KB KhIMMASH |
| Application | Upper stage engine |
| Associated LV | GSLV Mk 1 |
| Status | Retired |
| Liquid-fuel engine | |
| Propellant | Liquid oxygen / liquid hydrogen |
| Mixture ratio | 6 |
| Cycle | Staged combustion |
| Configuration | |
| Chamber | 1 + 2 verniers |
| Performance | |
| Thrust, vacuum | 69.6 kN (15,600 lbf) |
| Chamber pressure | 5.6 MPa (810 psi) |
| Specific impulse, vacuum | 462 s |
| Burn time | 800 s (600 s in a single burn) |
| Gimbal range | None; uses 2 vernier engines for attitude control |
| Dimensions | |
| Length | 2.14 m (7 ft 0 in) |
| Diameter | 1.58 m (5 ft 2 in) |
| Dry weight | 282 kg (622 lb) |
| References | |
| References | |
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