Jean Jaurès
Auguste Marie Joseph Jean Léon Jaurès (3 September 1859 – 31 July 1914), commonly referred to as Jean Jaurès (French: [ʒɑ̃ ʒɔʁɛs]; Occitan: Joan Jaurés [dʒuˈan dʒawˈɾes]), was a French Socialist leader. Initially a Moderate Republican, he later became one of the first social democrats and (in 1902) the leader of the French Socialist Party, which opposed Jules Guesde's revolutionary Socialist Party of France. The two parties merged in 1905 in the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO). An antimilitarist, Jaurès was assassinated in 1914 at the outbreak of World War I, but remains one of the main historical figures of the French Left. As a heterodox Marxist, Jaurès rejected the concept of the dictatorship of the proletariat and tried to conciliate idealism and materialism, individualism and collectivism, democracy and class struggle, patriotism and internationalism.
Jean Jaurès | |
|---|---|
| Editor of L'Humanité | |
| In office 18 April 1904 – 31 July 1914 | |
| Preceded by | Newspaper established |
| Succeeded by | Pierre Renaudel |
| Member of the Chamber of Deputies | |
| In office 1 June 1902 – 31 July 1914 | |
| Constituency | Tarn |
| In office 8 January 1893 – 1 June 1898 | |
| Constituency | Tarn |
| In office 10 November 1885 – 11 November 1889 | |
| Constituency | Tarn |
| President of the French Socialist Party | |
| In office 4 March 1902 – 25 April 1905 | |
| Preceded by | Party established |
| Succeeded by | Party abolished |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Auguste Marie Joseph Jean Léon Jaurès 3 September 1859 Castres, Tarn, Second French Empire |
| Died | 31 July 1914 (aged 54) Paris, French Third Republic |
| Manner of death | Assassination |
| Resting place | Panthéon |
| Nationality | French |
| Political party | Moderate Republicans Independent Socialists |
| Spouse | Louise Bois |
| Children | Madeleine Jaurès, Louis Paul Jaurès |
| Parent |
|
| Alma mater | École Normale Supérieure |
| Profession | Professor, journalist, historian |
| Signature | |