Jalayirid Sultanate
The Jalayirid Sultanate (Persian: جلایریان) was a Mongol Jalayir dynasty which ruled over modern-day Iraq and western Iran after the breakup of the Mongol khanate of Persia in the 1330s. It lasted about fifty years, until disrupted by Timur's conquests and the revolts of the Qara Qoyunlu Turkoman. After Timur's death in 1405, there was a brief attempt to re-establish the sultanate in southern Iraq and Khuzistan. The Jalayirids were finally eliminated by the Qara Qoyunlu in 1432.
Jalayirid Sultanate جلایریان | |||||||||
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| 1335–1432 | |||||||||
Fragmentation of the territory of the Ilkhanate territory into various polities, including the Jalayirids ( )
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| Government | Monarchy | ||||||||
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• Established | 1335 | ||||||||
• Disestablished | 1432 | ||||||||
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The Jalayirids were Turkicized and Turkic-speaking. They are credited with bolstering the Turkic presence in Arabic-speaking Iraq so much so that Turkic became the second-most-spoken language after Arabic. The Jalayirids were also culturally Persianate, and their era marks an important period in the evolution of Persian art, where it developed important aspects that would serve as the basis of later Persian paintings.