Iraqi Revolt

Iraqi Revolt
Date	May–October 1920
Location	OETA/Mandatory Iraq
Result	British military victory; Iraqi political victory Greater autonomy given to Iraq; Faysal ibn Husayn installed as King; British Mandate for Mesopotamia cancelled;
Belligerents
United Kingdom	Iraqi rebels Al-ʽAhd; Haras Al-Istiqlal; Arab tribesmen; Kurdish tribesmen;
Commanders and leaders
Sir Arnold Wilson ; Clive Kirkpatrick Daly	Shaalan Abu al-Jun; Muhsin Abu-Tabikh; Ja'far Abu al-Timman; Muhammad Hasan Abi al-Mahasin; Mirza Taqi al-Shirazi; Mirza Mahdi al-Shirazi ; Mehdi Al-Khalissi; Mahmud Barzanji; Dhari ibn Mahmud ; Habib al-Khaizaran ; Omar al-Alwan ; Other heads of iraqi tribesmen
Strength
120,000 ; (later reinforced with an additional 15,414 men); 63 aircraft	131,000
Casualties and losses
1,000 killed; 1,100–1,800 wounded; 11 aircraft destroyed 600 Missing	2,050–10,000 killed

The Iraqi Revolt began in Baghdad in the summer of 1920 with mass demonstrations by Iraqis, including protests by embittered officers from the old Ottoman Army, against the British who published the new land ownership and the burial taxes at Najaf. The revolt gained momentum when it spread to the largely tribal Shia regions of the middle and lower Euphrates. Sheikh Mehdi Al-Khalissi was a prominent Shia leader of the revolt. Using heavy artillery and aerial bombardment, the uprising was suppressed by the British.

Sunni and Shia religious communities cooperated during the revolution as well as tribal communities, the urban masses, and many Iraqi officers in Syria. The objectives of the revolution were independence from British rule and the creation of an Arab government. The revolt achieved some initial success, but by the end of October 1920, the British had suppressed the revolt, although elements of it dragged on until 1922.

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