Inositol phosphate
Inositol phosphates are a group of mono- to hexaphosphorylated inositols. Each form of inositol phosphate is distinguished by the number and position of the phosphate group on the inositol ring.
- inositol monophosphate (IP)
- inositol bisphosphate (IP2)
- inositol trisphosphate (IP3)
- inositol tetrakisphosphate (IP4)
- inositol pentakisphosphate (IP5)
- inositol hexaphosphate (IP6) also known as phytic acid, or phytate (as a salt).
A series of phosphorylation and dephosphorylation reactions are carried out by at least 19 phosphoinositide kinases and 28 phosphoinositide phosphatase enzymes allowing for the inter-conversion between the inositol phosphate compounds based on cellular demand.
Inositol phosphates play a crucial role in various signal transduction pathways responsible for cell growth and differentiation, apoptosis, DNA repair, RNA export, regeneration of ATP and more.
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