Gramicidin

Gramicidin, also called gramicidin D, is a mix of ionophoric antibiotics, gramicidin A, B and C, which make up about 80%, 5%, and 15% of the mix, respectively. Each has 2 isoforms, so the mix has 6 different types of gramicidin molecules. They can be extracted from Brevibacillus brevis soil bacteria. Gramicidins are linear peptides with 15 amino acids. This is in contrast to unrelated gramicidin S, which is a cyclic peptide.

Gramicidin A head-to-head dimer
Identifiers
SymbolN/A
TCDB1.D.1
OPM superfamily65
OPM protein1grm
Gramicidin
Structure of gramicidin A, B, and C (click to enlarge)
Clinical data
ATC code
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEMBL
ECHA InfoCard100.014.355
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC99H140N20O17
Molar mass1882.332 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
Melting point229 to 230 °C (444 to 446 °F)
Solubility in water0.006 mg/L
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  • InChI=1S/C60H92N12O10/c1-35(2)31-43-53(75)67-45(33-39-19-11-9-12-20-39)59(81)71-29-17-25-47(71)55(77)70-50(38(7)8)58(80)64-42(24-16-28-62)52(74)66-44(32-36(3)4)54(76)68-46(34-40-21-13-10-14-22-40)60(82)72-30-18-26-48(72)56(78)69-49(37(5)6)57(79)63-41(23-15-27-61)51(73)65-43/h9-14,19-22,35-38,41-50H,15-18,23-34,61-62H2,1-8H3,(H,63,79)(H,64,80)(H,65,73)(H,66,74)(H,67,75)(H,68,76)(H,69,78)(H,70,77) Y
  • Key:IUAYMJGZBVDSGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
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